"With new technology has come cheaper forms of surveillance, according to Harlan Yu, who received a Ph.D. in 2012. Yu is a principal at Upturn, an organization that provides internet expertise for policymakers on a range of social issues.
"You don't need a great rationale to collect all of the data you can get your hands on," Yu said. "Not only is collection easy and cheap, but the tools that data collectors now have to use that data — the tools that are used to make predictions — have also gotten a lot more powerful.""